S. Ramanujan, an Indian mathematician, biography
Srinivasa Ramanujan, one of history's finest mathematicians, was born in Southern India in 1887. He continues to be honored for his contributions to mathematics. Within just a few years of his life, he achieved some extraordinary mathematical discoveries that are still studied today by students all over the world.
His resume and accomplishments speak much about him and his efforts to advance this industry. Leading mathematicians from throughout the world have acknowledged the information, accomplishments, and contributions provided by Srinivasa Ramanujan.
Ramanujan was born in 1887, and according to Sri Aurobindo, his life was a "rags to mathematical riches" tale. His 20th-century mathematical giants are still shaping the field today.
Birth; On December 22, 1887, in the southern Indian town of Tamil Nad known as Erode, Srinivasa Ramanujan was born. His mother, Komalatamma, was a stay-at-home mom, while his father, Kuppuswamy Srinivasa Iyengar, was a clerk at a saree shop. He had a strong interest in mathematics from an early age and was already considered a child prodigy.
He attended a local school in Madras where he received his early education and schooling. His love of mathematics had developed at a very young age, and he had learned most of it on his own. He was a bright kid who excelled in school and received numerous honors.
But when he got to college, his love of math turned out to be a liability. He maintained doing well in one topic while consistently doing poorly in all the others. As a result, he decided to leave college. But until he made his ultimate discovery, he persisted in working on his collection of mathematical theories, beliefs, and notions.
After being taught how to resolve cubic equations in 1902, Ramanujan developed his own strategy for resolving quartic equations.
A synopsis of elementary results in pure mathematics, written by G. S. Carr, was discovered by Ramanujan in the Town High School. Ramanujan was able to teach himself mathematics because of this book's extremely succinct form, but because it served as the only example of written mathematical arguments he had, the book's style would subsequently have an unfavorable impact on the way Ramanujan wrote down mathematics. The book included concise proofs, formulas, and theorems. Additionally, it included an index of publications on pure mathematics that had appeared in the first half of the 19th century's issues of the European Journals of Learned Societies. Naturally, the 1886 publication was out of date by the time Ramanujan used it.
Ramanujan started conducting extensive research in 1904. He determined the Euler constant to 15 decimal places. The Bernoulli numbers were the subject of his initial study, a finding that was all his own.
Ramanujan received a scholarship at the Government College in Kumbakonam in 1904 thanks to his strong academic performance. Ramanujan's scholarship was not renewed the next year due to his increasing attention to mathematics at the expense of his other disciplines. Without money, he quickly got into problems, so he fled to Vizagapatnam, a town about 650 kilometers north of Madras, without alerting his parents. Nevertheless, he persisted with his mathematical study, and at this point, he focused on hypergeometric series and looked into the connections between integrals and series. Later, he would learn that he had been researching elliptic functions.
Ramanujan moved to Madras in 1906 and enrolled in Pachaiyappa's College there. His goal was to succeed on the First Arts exam so he could enroll at the University of Madras. He took classes at Pachaiyappa's College, but after three months of studies, he fell unwell. He left the course and then took the First Arts exam. He did well in arithmetic, but he could have done better in all of his other subjects, thus he didn't pass the test. He was thus unable to enroll at the University of Madras. He worked on mathematics in the years that followed, coming up with his own concepts on his own without assistance or any other knowledge of the subjects under consideration at the time than what was contained in Carr's book.
In 1908, Ramanujan began his research on divergent series and continuing fractions. At this point, he was unwell once more and underwent surgery in April 1909, following which it took him a long time to recuperate. On July 14, 1909, his mother arranged for him to wed S Janaki Ammal, who was then ten years old. However, Ramanujan did not move in with his wife until she was 12 years old.
In the Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society, Ramanujan started posing and answering mathematical problems as he proceeded to develop his theoretical framework. In 1910, he developed relationships among elliptic modular equations. He became well-known for his work after a great study on Bernoulli numbers was published in 1911's Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society. He had never attended a university, but his reputation as a mathematical prodigy in the Madras region was growing.
Ramanujan sought employment guidance from the Indian Mathematical Society's founder in 1911. After that, he was given his first employment, a temporary position, at the Madras Accountant General's Office. Then it was advised that he speak with Ramachandra Rao, a Collector in Nellore. Ramachandra Rao was a founding member of the Indian Mathematical Society and was instrumental in establishing the library for mathematics.
S. Ramanujam continues to send his papers to international mathematicians rather than keeping all of his findings to himself.
He was hired in 1912 as a clerk at the Madras Post Trust Office, where the manager, S.N. Aiyar, pushed him to get in touch with renowned Cambridge University mathematician G.H. Hardy. He sent the renowned letter to Hardy in 1913 and included 120 theorems as an example of his work. Hardy examined his work, along with another mathematician at Cambridge named J.E. Littlewood, and came to the conclusion that it was truly brilliant.
In fact, Ramanujan received a scholarship from the University of Madras in May 1913 for a period of two years. In 1914, Hardy brought Ramanujan to Trinity College, Cambridge, where they began an exceptional partnership. This was not a simple task to set up. Ramanujan was a devout vegetarian and a traditional Brahmin. His faith should have made it difficult for him to travel, but this obstacle was overcome in part thanks to the work of E. H. Neville, a Trinity College colleague of Hardy's who met Ramanujan while giving a lecture in India.
Ramanujan left India on a ship on March 17, 1914. Except for three days when Ramanujan was seasick, the trip was uneventful. On April 14, 1914, he landed in London and was welcomed by Neville. Ramanujan spent a few weeks at Neville's house in Cambridge after spending four days in London before settling into lodgings at Trinity College on April 30. But his eating habits were problematic from the start. When World War I broke out, it became more difficult to get specialized foods, and Ramanujan soon started experiencing health issues.
On March 16, 1916, Ramanujan received his Bachelor of Arts by Research degree from Cambridge (the degree was called a Ph.D. from 1920). Despite not possessing the required credentials, he had been permitted to enroll in June 1914. Seven of Ramanujan's papers that were published in England made up his dissertation, which was about highly composite numbers.
In 1917, Ramanujan developed a terrible illness, and his doctors worried that he would pass away. By September, he had made some progress, but most of his time was still spent in nursing facilities. On February 18, 1918, Ramanujan was elected a fellow of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. Three days later, however, his name appeared on the list for election as a fellow of the Royal Society of London, which would be the greatest honor he would ever receive. Hardy, MacMahon, Grace, Larmor, Bromwich, Hobson, Baker, Littlewood, Nicholson, Young, Whittaker, Forsyth, and Whitehead are only a few of the prominent mathematicians who had nominated him. On 2 May 1918, his election as a fellow of the Royal Society was confirmed. On 10 October of that same year, he was elected as a fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, with a six-year term for the fellowship.
The accolades Ramanujan received appeared to aid in a slight improvement in his health, and he redoubled his efforts to produce mathematics. The end of November 1918 saw a significant improvement in Ramanujan's health.
Ramanujan departed for India on February 27, 1919, and he arrived there on March 1. However, despite receiving medical care, his condition was quite bad. His health continued to decline after his return in 1920, and he passed away on 26 April 1920 at the young age of 32.
Contributions of Srinivasa Ramanujan
While Ramanujan was in England between 1914 and 1919, he and Hardy authored more than a dozen academic articles. He has about 30 academic publications published over the course of three years. The circle approach, which Hardy and Ramanujan created, is now used to construct an asymptotic formula for this function. His debut essay, a 17-page study on Bernoulli numbers that appeared in the Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society in 1911, was published. A formula for the number p(n) of partitions of a number 'n' was one impressive outcome of the Hardy-Ramanujan collaboration.
At the age of 12, he had finished reading A Synopsis of Elementary Results in Pure and Applied Mathematics and Plane Trignimetry by Loney, both of which were well beyond the level of a high school student.
He received a Bachelor of Science degree "by research" from Cambridge University in 1916. He was the first Indian to be recognized as a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1918.
The Ramanujan Journal was established in 1997 with the goal of publishing research "in areas of mathematics affected by Ramanujan." 2012 was designated the National Mathematical Year because it was one of the finest Indian mathematicians' 125th year of birth.
Since 2021, India has celebrated its birthdate of December 22 as National Mathematicians Day.
Mathematicians have continued to research the theorems Ramanujan left in a number of unpublished notebooks. From 1918 to 1951, G. N. Watson served as Mason Professor of Pure Mathematics at Birmingham. During that time, he wrote roughly 30 publications that were motivated by Ramanujan's work, including 14 works with the general title Theorems asserted by Ramanujan. The substantial collection of Ramanujan manuscripts that Hardy owned—many of which were produced before 1914 and some during Ramanujan's final year in India before his passing—was given to Watson.
